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目的从组织形态学和行为学来探讨高压氧(HBO)对新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤(HIBD)的保护作用。方法将117只健康7日龄Sprague-Dawley新生大鼠随机分为正常对照组(CON组)、HIBD组、高压空气治疗组(HBA组)和高压氧治疗组(HBO组)。采用Rice法制作HIBD模型。HBO组和HBA组于缺氧缺血处理后即行HBO或高压空气治疗,每天1次,共治疗7d。大鼠9日龄时采用原位缺口末端标记法(TUNEL法)检测皮质和海马细胞凋亡情况,14日龄时检测左/右脑重比值及体重增长率,30日龄时进行放射型迷宫觅水测试,试验结束后(35日龄)采用Nissl染色法检测海马CA_1区锥体细胞密度。结果①HIBD组体重增长率和左/右脑重比值均明显低于CON组(P＜0．01)；HBA组与HBO组治疗后体重增长率均无明显改善,但左/右脑重比值均明显增加,尤其是HBO组(P＜0．01)。②与CON组比较,HIBD组皮质和海马中均存在大量的凋亡细胞,CA_1区锥体细胞密度明显下降(均P＜0．01)；与HIBD组比较,HBO组凋亡细胞明显减少,CA_1区锥体细胞密度明显增加(均P＜0．01)；HBA组凋亡细胞和CA_1区锥体细胞密度均无明显改变。③行为学检测结果显示,HIBD组觅水时间、错误次数和重复次数均明显高于CON组(P＜0．05)；HBO组各项指标均明显低于HIBD组(P＜0．05),而HBA组改善不明显。结论HBO治疗在近期内能够减轻脑组织缺血后损伤,对远期学习记忆功能的恢复也有良好的促进作用。
Objective To investigate the protective effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) in neonatal rats from histomorphology and behavior. Methods A total of 117 healthy 7-day-old Sprague-Dawley neonate rats were randomly divided into normal control group (CON), HIBD group, hyperbaric air treatment group (HBA group) and hyperbaric oxygen therapy group (HBO group). Using Rice method to make HIBD model. HBO group and HBA group were treated with HBO or high-pressure air after hypoxic-ischemic treatment once daily for 7 days. At 9 days of age, the apoptosis of cortex and hippocampus was detected by TUNEL method. Left / right brain weight ratio and weight gain rate were measured at 14 days of age. Find the water test, after the end of the experiment (35 days old) using Nissl staining pyramidal cells in the hippocampal CA 1 area density. Results The body weight growth rate and left / right brain weight ratio in HIBD group were significantly lower than those in CON group (P <0.01). There was no significant improvement in weight gain rate between HBA group and HBO group Significantly increased, especially in HBO group (P <0.01). ② Compared with CON group, there were a large number of apoptotic cells in cortex and hippocampus in HIBD group, and the density of pyramidal cells in CA 1 area decreased significantly (all P <0.01); Compared with HIBD group, apoptotic cells in HBO group decreased significantly, The density of pyramidal cells in CA 1 area increased significantly (both P <0.01). There was no significant change in the density of pyramidal cells in CA 1 area between HBA group and control group. (3) The results of behavioral tests showed that the time of finding water, the number of errors and the number of repetition in HIBD group were significantly higher than those in CON group (P <0.05). The indexes in HBO group were significantly lower than those in HIBD group (P <0.05) , While the HBA group did not improve obviously. Conclusions HBO treatment can reduce the post-ischemic injury of brain tissue in the near future and also promote the recovery of long-term learning and memory function.