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Neuritin作为神经营养因子,可促进神经细胞树突和轴突的生长和分支,以及调节神经元回路的形成,在神经再生和可塑性中起着重要作用。它由一条编码糖基磷脂酰肌醇锚定的糖蛋白基因编码,表达产物主要分布于神经系统中,其中以齿状回最高,其次为海马,大脑皮层和小脑。Neuritin作为神经活动和神经营养素发挥作用的共同下游因子,在促进突触成熟、防止神经细胞凋亡和保护运动神经元等方面具有重要作用。本文就Neuritin的生物学特性及其在神经再生领域的研究做一综述。
Neuritin, as a neurotrophic factor, promotes the growth and branching of dendrites and axons in nerve cells and regulates the formation of neuronal circuits and plays an important role in nerve regeneration and plasticity. It is encoded by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored glycoprotein gene. The products of expression are mainly distributed in the nervous system, with the highest dentate gyrus, followed by the hippocampus, cerebral cortex and cerebellum. Neuritin, as a common downstream factor that plays a role in neural activity and neurotrophic factors, plays an important role in promoting synaptic maturation, preventing neuronal apoptosis and protecting motor neurons. This article reviews the biological characteristics of Neuritin and its research in the field of nerve regeneration.