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为丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)在地方种茶树上的应用提供理论依据,采用染色镜检的方法,对贵州4个典型地方种茶树(湄潭苔茶、石阡苔茶、贵定鸟王和都匀毛尖)根系AMF的定殖和共生状况及与土壤养分的相关性进行研究。结果表明:贵州4个地方种茶树均有AMF定殖和侵染,能形成典型的根外菌丝、根内菌丝、菌丝圈、泡囊和疆南星型丛枝等AMF侵染结构;AMF的定殖率和侵染率分别为7.3%~86.7%和0.8%~32.73%,均值为36.6%和7.01%;不同茶树品种间AMF的侵染状况差异较大,同一品种不同样地AMF的侵染状况也存在较大差异。贵州4个地方种茶树根系AMF的定殖率和侵染率与土壤因子显著相关,其中,AMF的定殖率与土壤水解氮和有机质的含量分别呈显著和极显著正相关,与速效钾含量呈显著负相关;AMF的侵染率与土壤有机质含量呈极显著正相关,与速效钾含量呈显著负相关。不同土壤因子对AMF侵染的影响不同,其定殖率依次为速效氮>有机质>速效钾,侵染率依次为有机质>速效钾。贵州4个地方种茶树根际均存在AMF定殖,且都能与AMF形成良好的共生关系。
In order to provide a theoretical basis for the application of AMF in local tea plantation, four typical local species of tea tree (Meitanmucha, Shiqiancao tea, Guiding bird king and both Uniform hairy tip) AMF colonization and symbiosis and soil nutrients and research. The results showed that AMF colonization and infection of tea plants in four places in Guizhou Province could form typical AMF infiltrates such as extracellular mycorrhizal fungi, root mycelium, mycelium, vesicles, and Xinjiang southern buds. The colonization rate and infection rate of AMF were 7.3% -86.7% and 0.8% -32.73%, with the mean values of 36.6% and 7.01%, respectively. There were significant differences in the AMF infection among different tea varieties. AMF There is also a big difference in the status of infection. The colonization rate and infection rate of root AMF in four places of Guizhou were significantly correlated with soil factors. Among them, the AMF colonization rate was significantly and significantly positively correlated with soil hydrolyzable nitrogen and organic matter content, There was a significant negative correlation between the infection rate of AMF and soil organic matter content. There was a significant negative correlation between AMF infection rate and available potassium content. The effects of different soil factors on AMF infection were different, and their colonization rates were available nitrogen> organic matter> available potassium, followed by organic matter> available potassium. AMF colonization existed in the rhizosphere of tea plantations in four places in Guizhou, and both could form a good symbiotic relationship with AMF.