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[目的]探讨电子厂接触噪声工人职业紧张和精神卫生状况。[方法]采用麦克林职业紧张问卷和一般健康问卷,采取整群抽样调查法对某电子厂183名工人进行调查,回收有效问卷172份,其中95份问卷来自接触噪声工人,为接噪组;77份来自非接噪工人,为对照组。[结果]噪声岗位噪声声级为85.0~89.5 d B(A)。接噪组工人精神卫生得分异常率为67.3%,对照组为18.2%。接噪组在职业紧张问卷中的职业紧张程度、应付能力、工作满意感和普通健康问卷中的精神卫生等方面的得分异常率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。接噪组精神卫生状况总得分为(28.9±3.7)分,高于对照组的(25.9±3.8)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。多元线性回归分析显示,工人精神卫生的可能影响因素为是否接触噪声和应付能力的大小(F=10.45,R~2=0.362,P<0.05)。[结论]噪声可致工人职业紧张,同时引发工人精神卫生方面的负面影响,应该引起企业充分重视。
[Objective] To investigate the occupational stress and mental health of workers exposed to electronics factory. [Methods] A total of 183 valid workers were surveyed by cluster sampling method using the Macleans Occupational Stress Questionnaire and General Health Questionnaire. 172 valid questionnaires were recovered, of which 95 questionnaires were from noise exposed workers, 77 from the non-noise workers, as the control group. [Results] The noise level noise level was 85.0 ~ 89.5 d B (A). The abnormal rate of mental health score of workers receiving noise was 67.3% and that of the control group was 18.2%. The abnormal rate of occupational stress, coping ability, job satisfaction and mental health in the general health questionnaire were higher in the noise group than those in the control group (P <0.05). The total score of mental health status of the noise group was (28.9 ± 3.7) points, higher than that of the control group (25.9 ± 3.8) points, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the possible influencing factors of workers’ mental health were the level of exposure to noise and coping ability (F = 10.45, R ~ 2 = 0.362, P <0.05). [Conclusion] Noise can cause workers ’occupational stress and cause the negative impact of workers’ mental health, which should arouse the full attention of enterprises.