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基于沿空留巷原理,分析了厚层灰岩直接顶板下巷旁充填沿空留巷和超前切缝断顶卸压法沿空留巷巷道顶板断裂位态,分别建立了2种不同顶板断裂位态下的结构力学模型,推导了巷道顶板支护阻力计算方法。研究表明:当切顶阻力Q≤ql时,巷道顶板沿煤壁内一定深度内断裂,沿空巷道侧向顶板悬臂结构可向沿空巷道围岩传递采场岩梁和上覆岩层移动压力;而当切顶阻力Q≥ql,巷内加强支柱+巷旁切顶墩柱+巷旁切缝的联合切顶作用时,可使得侧向坚硬灰岩顶板沿切缝结构面断裂滑落,实现顶板断裂位态主动控制,降低了坚硬灰岩顶板传递上覆岩层压力的移动变形压力,优化了顶板承载结构和围岩应力,降低了巷旁支护体承受的附加载荷。相关设计方法及研究成果应用到南屯矿厚层灰岩直接顶切顶留巷试验,取得了良好的应用效果。
Based on the principle of gob-side entry retaining, the fracture status of gob-side entry retaining roadway under thick seam floor is analyzed, and two kinds of roof fractures are established respectively The structural mechanics model under the state, derives the roadway roof support resistance calculation method. The research shows that when the top resistance Q≤ql, the roof of the roadway breaks along the coal wall, and the cantilever structure of the side roof of the roadway along the roadway can transfer the movement pressure of the rock beam and overlying strata to the surrounding rock of the roadway. When the top shear resistance Q≥ql, the reinforcement pillar in the lane + the roof top pier + the side cutting along the laneway, the roof of the lateral hard limestone can be caused to slide along the fracture surface fracture structure to achieve the roof Active control of the fracture position reduces the deformation pressure of the roof of the hard limestone to transfer the overburden pressure, optimizes the stress of the roof bearing structure and the surrounding rock, and reduces the additional load on the roadside support. The relevant design methods and research results are applied to the test of direct top-slicing and retaining roadway of thick limestone in Nantun Mine and good application results have been obtained.