Heterologous viral suppressor of RNA silencing breaks protein-based viral immunity in mixed viral in

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Dear Editor:rnRNA silencing confers immunity against most viruses and is initiated by host Dicer processing of viral double-stranded RNA into virus-derived small interfering RNA(siRNA)(Guo et al.,2019).Viruses that cause plant dis-ease usually evolve viral suppressor of RNA silencing(VSR)to inhibit antiviral silencing(Li and Ding,2006).Some plant nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat pro-teins(NLRs)emerge as immune receptors to recognize specific virus and trigger rapid hypersensitive response(HR)at infection site to protect plants from devastating viruses(Cui et al.,2015;Deng et al.,2018).Recent stu-dies showed that NLR immune receptors are subjected to negative regulation by plant miRNAs(Deng et al.,2018).
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