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肺间质病是具有共同的临床、X线,生理和病理特点的一组性质各异的疾病。患者大多有不知不觉加剧的呼吸困难,X线胸片呈弥漫性改变。常规肺功能测验,最早通常表现为一氧化碳弥散量降低。病理特点是肺泡间隔炎症细胞浸润和显著的结缔组织增多,有的肺泡腔有炎症细胞。许多肺间质病有气道、肺血管病变,有时还有胸膜病变。本文主要讨论慢性进行性肺间质病的分类、发病机理、病理生理的最近研究进展、诊断及治疗。
Interstitial disease is a group of diseases of diverse nature that share common clinical, radiological, physiological and pathological features. Most patients have unconsciously increased breathing difficulties, X-ray showed diffuse changes. Conventional pulmonary function tests, the earliest usually manifested as reduced carbon monoxide dispersion. Pathological features of alveolar septa inflammatory cell infiltration and significant increase in connective tissue, and some alveolar inflammatory cells. Many interstitial lung disease has airways, pulmonary vascular disease, and sometimes pleural disease. This article mainly discusses the classification of chronic progressive interstitial lung disease, pathogenesis, pathophysiology recent research progress, diagnosis and treatment.