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预备犯的处罚界限事关刑罚权的自律程度,并直接影响刑法辅助性法益保护功能的发挥。以可罚的行为概念的引入消解预备犯实行性缺乏与犯罪构成理论之间的牴牾,是客观主义立法语境下研究可罚性预备行为的理论前提。对形式预备犯处罚界限的认定,一是要实现预备行为与正常社会行为的分离;二是在预备行为的范围内,以现行《刑法》第13条“但书”为底限,确定影响预备行为可罚性的要素,在依据犯罪类型进行一般可罚性判断的基础上,以重罪标准进行具体的可罚性补正与纠偏。应当肯定具有预备性质的、对实施重罪达成一致的严肃约定行为的处罚必要性,并严格区分其与犯意表示及一般犯罪约定之间的界限。
The threshold of the preparatory offense is related to the degree of self-discipline of the penalty, and it has a direct impact on the protection of the auxiliary legal interests of criminal law. The introduction of the concept of punishable behavior to digest the lack of implementation of the preliminary nature of the crime and the composition of the crime between the theory of objective legislation is to study the premise of punitive preparatory behavior. The first is to separate the preparatory behavior from the normal social behavior; the second is to determine the scope of the preparatory act, under the existing “Penal Code” Article 13 “But the book ” as the limit, to determine On the basis of judging the general penalty based on the type of crime, the author makes corrections and corrections to the specific penalties by felony standards. The need to penalize serious nature of agreed acts that implement the felony should be affirmed by a preparatory character, with a strict distinction between the line of demarcation and the general agreement of delict.