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利用扩增效果好、在群体中具有多态性的28个微卫星标记,检测国家换新良种场的镜鲤繁殖群体和黑龙江水产研究所松浦实验场的镜鲤繁殖群体的遗传组成,计算了两个群体的有效等位基因数,期望杂合度和多态信息含量等遗传参数,换新与松浦两个群体的有效等位基因数分别为2.874和3.102,期望杂合度分别是0.565和0.603,多态信息含量分别是0.534和0.568;遗传结构分析研究结果表明这两个群体的多样性较高,信息含量丰富,具有进一步筛选出优良品种的遗传基础。但连锁不平衡分析表明这两个群体在较大的选择压力下,已严重偏离Hardy-Weniberg平衡,要保持群体的优良性状相关的遗传基础,应该在进一步的选种中注意增加群体的遗传多样性。也用28个基因座的不同基因型与换新208个亲本的体重值进行了连锁分析,得到12个与镜鲤体重相关的基因型,其中紧密相关的基因型3个;分析了一些严重偏离平衡的基因型,并分析了出现这种现象的可能原因,同时探讨了一些基因型与胚胎期致死或易感病基因连锁的可能性。为描述基因型偏离程度,创造了基因型偏离指数,并用其对群体中一些基因型出现的偏离现象进行了探讨。
28 microsatellite markers with good amplification effect and polymorphism in population were used to detect the genetic composition of mirror carp breeding population in National New Breeding Farm and the mirror carp breeding population in Heilongjiang Institute of Fisheries Research Effective alleles, expected heterozygosity and polymorphism information content of the two populations. The effective allele numbers of the two groups of new breed and Songpu were 2.874 and 3.102 respectively, and the expected heterozygosity was 0.565 and 0.603, respectively. The polymorphic information content was 0.534 and 0.568 respectively. The results of genetic structure analysis showed that these two populations had higher diversity and abundant information content, and had the genetic basis for further screening of elite varieties. However, the linkage disequilibrium analysis showed that under the pressure of greater selection, the two groups have deviated from the Hardy-Weniberg equilibrium seriously. To maintain the genetic basis related to the excellent traits of the population, the genetic diversity of the population should be increased in further selection Sex. A total of 12 genotypes associated with body weight of mirror carp, including 3 closely related genotypes, were also analyzed using different genotypes of 28 loci and the body weight of 208 new parents. Some serious deviations were also analyzed Balanced genotypes and analyzed the possible causes for this phenomenon and explored the possibility of some genotypes linked to lethal or susceptible genes in the embryonic stage. To characterize the extent of genotypic deviations, a genotype-offset index was created and used to investigate deviations from some genotypes in the population.