Summary: In order to investigate the effect of ligustrazine (Lig) i.p. on peritoneal permeability inperitoneal dialysis and its side effects, creatinine was given intravenously and continuously tomaintain the high plasma creatinine level. All the rabbits were divided into three groups: normalcontrol group (group A), group B treated with 0. 12 % Lig and group C treated with 0. 24 % Lig.The peritoneal dialysis of all rabbits lasted 2 h. The plasma and dialysate levels of glucose, proteinand creatinine were observed immediate, 30 min, 60 min, 90 min,120 min after dialysis. Creasti-nine dialysate/plasma ratio (D/P), protein D/P ratio, glucose D/Do at different time points afterdialysis and creatinine mass transfer area coefficient (MTAC) at 120 min were calculated. Thestructures of peritoneum were observed under optical microscope and electron microscope aftercontinuously intraperitoneal injection of Lig for 14 days. The results showed that the 90-min and120-min creatinine D/P ratios in the group C were higher than in the group A. The 120-min creatinine MATC in the group C was higher than in the group A. The rabbits treated with Lig did notshow significant structure changes of peritoneum and signs of peritoneal irritation. It was suggest-ed that Lig could increase mass transfer ability of peritoneum without significant side effects.