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目的分析北京市石景山区2012年疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse events following immunization,AEFI)的发生情况,评价AEFI监测系统运转情况。方法采用描述性方法对相关指标进行流行病学分析。结果 2012年共报告AEFI 45例,报告发生率17.02/10万,涉及14种疫苗,无细胞百白破疫苗AEFI报告发生数居首位(13例,占28.89%),7价肺炎报告发生率最高,为116.91/10万。反应类型中一般反应占53.33%(全部是发热/红肿/硬结)、异常反应28.89%(皮疹占85%)、偶合症17.78%。病例主要发生在小年龄段人群(≤2岁发生数占75.56%)。发生时间主要集中在5-10月(64%),多在接种后1 d内发生(95.56%)。结论石景山区AEFI监测的完整性和敏感性比较高,但仍需要加强AEFI监测工作,规范预防接种操作,严格掌握禁忌证,减少AEFI发生。
Objective To analyze the occurrence of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) in Shijingshan District of Beijing in 2012 and evaluate the operation of AEFI monitoring system. Methods The descriptive method was used to carry out epidemiological analysis of related indicators. Results AEFI was reported in 45 cases in 2012, with a reported incidence of 17.02 / lakh and involving 14 kinds of vaccines. The number of AEFI reported in the first place (13 cases, 28.89%) and the incidence of pneumococcal pneumonia The highest, 116.91 / 100,000. The average reaction type accounted for 53.33% (all were fever / inflamed / induration), abnormal reaction 28.89% (rash 85%), coupling 17.78%. The cases mainly occurred in the younger age group (≤2 years old accounted for 75.56%). Occurrence time mainly in May-October (64%), and more occurred within 1 d after vaccination (95.56%). Conclusion The integrity and sensitivity of AEFI monitoring in Shijingshan District are relatively high. However, it is still necessary to strengthen AEFI surveillance, regulate vaccination operations, strictly control contraindications and reduce occurrence of AEFI.