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我国植物新品种保护制度关于实质性派生品种的规定成为焦点问题。本文基于1999年-2009年中国21个水稻主产区省际面板数据,研究派生品种豁免制度下原始品种对水稻遗传贡献的时空变化,并运用扩展C-D生产函数模型分析原始品种遗传资源对中国水稻生产的经济影响。实证结果表明,1999年-2009年中国原始品种遗传资源对水稻生产平均遗传贡献仅达0.25,原始品种遗传单一性并未呈逐渐增强趋势,并且原始品种遗传资源对水稻改良的遗传贡献每增加1%,水稻单产将提高1.6%。因此重视原始创新的创造与有效运用,有利于提升农业技术效率与农业生产水平。在育种角色分配上,公共部门应着重承担基础研究类原始创新活动,在应用基础类原始创新发展策略上,政府应支持有益于新品种不同生产特性改良的育种研究与保护政策,提高创新效率。
China’s new plant variety protection system on the derivative provisions of the substantive issues become the focus of attention. Based on the provincial panel data of 21 major rice producing areas in China from 1999 to 2009, this paper studied the temporal and spatial variations of the original varieties’ contribution to the genetic contribution of rice under the exemption system of derivative cultivars, and analyzed the genetic diversity of the original rice cultivars in China using the extended CD production function model. The economic impact of production. The empirical results show that the average genetic contribution of China’s original genetic resources to rice production only reached 0.25 between 1999 and 2009, and the genetic monosomy of the original varieties did not show a gradual increasing trend, and the genetic contribution of the original genetic resources to rice improvement increased by 1 %, Rice yield will increase by 1.6%. Therefore, we should attach importance to the creation and effective use of the original innovation, which is conducive to raising the technical efficiency of agriculture and the level of agricultural production. In the distribution of breeding roles, the public sector should lay emphasis on the original innovation in basic research. In applying the original innovation and development strategy of the basic categories, the government should support breeding research and protection policies that are conducive to the improvement of different production characteristics of new varieties and improve the efficiency of innovation.