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目的研究开发适用于航天飞行器上的火灾探测器。方法根据载人航天飞行器的特点,设计了管道嵌入式高灵敏双波长火灾烟雾探测器,探测器的灵敏度最高可以达到普通光电烟雾探测器100倍。结果探测器能够有效传感粒径300 nm以下的小粒径气溶胶,并且能够识别粒径1μm以上的干扰粒子。结论管道嵌入式高灵敏双波长烟雾火灾探测器能有效克服微重力下气溶胶扩散缓慢的缺点,降低火灾误报率,实现在微重力条件下正确探测火灾危险。
Aim To study and develop a fire detector suitable for use on spacecraft. Methods Based on the characteristics of manned spacecraft, a highly sensitive double-wavelength smoke detector with built-in pipeline was designed. The sensitivity of the detector is up to 100 times that of the ordinary photoelectric smoke detector. Results The detector can effectively detect aerosols with a particle size below 300 nm and can identify interfering particles with a particle size of 1 μm or more. Conclusion The pipe-embedded high sensitivity dual-wavelength smoke fire detector can effectively overcome the shortcoming of slow aerosol diffusion under microgravity, reduce the false alarm rate of fire and realize the correct detection of fire danger under microgravity.