一、引言 氢损伤(又称氢脆——下同)是机械-环境共同作用引起的损伤中的一种(其它还包括应力腐蚀、腐蚀疲劳和液态金属脆等)。它是因金属中存在过多的氢、且在张应力作用下造成的损伤。这些氢可以是服役前就存在于工件内的(如熔炼、酸洗或电镀等过程中引入);也可以是服役时从含氢的环境中吸收进入的(如在氢气或硫化氢等含氢气 I. INTRODUCTION Hydrogen damage (also known as hydrogen embrittlement - the same below) is one of the damage caused by the mechanical-environmental interaction (stress corrosion, corrosion fatigue and liquid metal embrittlement, etc.). It is due to excessive hydrogen in the metal, and the damage caused by tensile stress. The hydrogen may be present in the workpiece prior to service (introduced during melting, pickling, electroplating, etc.) or may be absorbed during service from a hydrogen-containing environment (eg, hydrogen-containing gas such as hydrogen or hydrogen sulfide