The synthetic aperture radar(SAR) plays an important role in earthquake emergency response because of its all-time and all-weather imaging capabilities.On April 14,2010,an M_S7.1 earthquake occurred in Yushu county,Qinghai province of China,causing a lot of buildings collapsed.In this paper,the building damage in Yushu city due to the earthquake was assessed quantitatively using high-resolution X-band airborne SAR image. The features of the buildings with different damage levels(collapsed,partial collapsed,non-collapsed) in the SAR image were analyzed first.Based on these building features,we interpreted the individual building damage in Yushu city block by block and got the numbers of the collapsed,partial collapsed and non-collapsed buildings separately for each block,referring to pre-earthquake QuickBird image when necessary.Let the damage index of individual collapsed,partial collapsed,non-collapsed building be 1,0.5,0 respectively,the remote sensing damage index of each block was then calculated through remote sensing damage index equation.Finally,the preliminary quantitative relationship between the remote sensing damage index interpreted from the SAR image and that interpreted from the optical image was built up.It can be concluded that a desirable damage assessment result can be derived from high-resolution airborne SAR imagery. The synthetic aperture radar (SAR) plays an important role in earthquake emergency response because of its all-time and all-weather imaging capabilities. On April 14, 2010, an M_S7.1 disaster occurred in Yushu county, Qinghai province of China, causing a lot of buildings collapsed.In this paper, the building damage in Yushu city due to the earthquake was assessed quantitatively using high-resolution X-band airborne SAR image. The features of the buildings with different damage levels (collapsed, partially collapsed, non -collapsed) in the SAR image were analyzed first, based on these building features, we interpreted the individual building damage in Yushu city block by block and got the numbers of the collapsed, partially collapsed and non-collapsed buildings separately for each block, referring to pre-earthquake QuickBird image when necessary. Let the damage index of individual collapsed, partial collapsed, non-collapsed building be 1,0.5,0 respectively, the remote sensing damage index of each block was then calculated through remote sensing damage index equation .Finally, the preliminary quantitative relationship between the remote sensing damage index interpreted from the SAR image and that interpreted from the optical image was built up. It can be concluded that a desirable damage assessment result can be derived from high-resolution airborne SAR imagery.