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目的为经岩骨乙状窦前入路保护骨迷路和面神经管提供解剖与临床研究。方法①用20例成人汉族尸头湿标本进行显微解剖研究；②选择临床适当病例应用经岩骨乙状窦前入路切除斜坡区肿瘤45例。结果①面神经管岩骨段分为3段：迷路段（前庭段），鼓室段（水平段），乳突段（垂直段），迷路段最短，乳突段最长；②骨性标志可大体判断骨性半规管和面神经管的相关位置；③岩骨计算机体层摄影（CT）断层扫描可准确判定面神经管、骨迷路解剖标志，及乳突气化程度。结论术前岩骨CT断层扫描与骨性标志联合应用可指导保护骨迷路和面神经管。
The purpose of this study is to provide anatomical and clinical study for the protection of bone labyrinth and facial canal by anterior sigmoid sinus approach. Method 1 Microscopic anatomy study was performed on 20 wet specimens of cadaveric heads of adults in Han nationality. 2 Clinically appropriate cases were selected and 45 cases of tumors in the slope region were resected through anterior sigmoid sinus approach. [Results] 1 section of the facial nerve tube was divided into 3 sections: labyrinth section (forecourt section), tympanic section (horizontal section), mastoid section (vertical section), shortest labyrinth section, longest mastoid section; 2 bony landmarks Determine the location of bony and semicircular canal and facial canal. 3 The computed tomography (CT) tomography can accurately determine the facial nerve tube, the anatomy of the bone labyrinth, and the extent of mastoid gasification. Conclusion The combined use of preoperative CT scans of bone and bony marks can guide the protection of bone labyrinth and facial canal.