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目的评价检气管法和便携式电化学气体检测仪测定有毒气体在突发中毒事件现场的适用性和局限性。方法通过实验方法对两种方法检测常见有毒气体的精密度、准确度进行了定量评估。并结合文献,对常用现场气体检测方法进行了介绍。结果检气管法检测氨气、一氧化碳、硫化氢的准确度分别为2.9%~17.1%、10.2%~22.6%、2.0%~12.0%,精密度为5.1%~8.4%、2.5%~10.0%、3.1%~9.6%;便携式电化学气体检测仪的准确度分别为1.2%~8.2%、0.1%~0.8%、2.0%,精密度为2.3%~7.9%、1.0%~3.1%、10%。结论推荐检气管可作为有毒气体如氨、一氧化碳、硫化氢等中毒应急定性、半定量检测的首选方法;便携式电化学气体检测仪可作为单一气体中毒时低浓度定量、半定性检测的首选方法;不分光红外线气体分析仪法作为一氧化碳的首选应急检测方法。
Objective To evaluate the applicability and limitations of gas detector and portable electrochemical gas detector in the determination of poisonous gas at the scene of sudden poisoning. Methods The precision and accuracy of the two methods for detecting common toxic gases were quantitatively evaluated by experimental methods. Combined with the literature, the commonly used on-site gas detection methods are introduced. Results The accuracy of detection of ammonia, carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide by gas detection tube method were 2.9% -17.1%, 10.2% -22.6%, 2.0% -12.0%, precision was 5.1% -8.4%, 2.5% -10.0% The accuracy of portable electrochemical gas detector was 1.2% -8.2%, 0.1% -0.8%, 2.0%, and the precision was 2.3% -7.9%, 1.0% -3.1%, 10% respectively. Conclusions Gas detection tube is recommended as the first choice for qualitative and semi-quantitative detection of toxic gases such as ammonia, carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide. Portable electrochemical gas detector can be used as the first choice for low concentration quantitative and semi-qualitative detection in single gas poisoning. Irrespective of infrared gas analyzer as the preferred method of emergency detection of carbon monoxide.