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为明确小麦开花至成熟期间锌在不同器官内的积累动态,探讨锌对小麦开花后农艺性状及籽粒蛋白质形成的调控作用,采用离体穗培养技术研究了不同浓度锌对新春8号和杜伦的影响。结果表明,开花后离体穗培养小麦各器官的含锌量变化趋势基本一致,不同器官含锌量关系为:穗>倒一节>倒二节。缺锌小麦生长受抑制,节间生长严重受阻,倒一节长度对锌的反应比倒二节敏感。开花期旗叶叶绿素含量受锌影响不大,花后两周叶绿素含量受锌离子浓度的影响较大。增加供锌量显著或极显著地增加小麦穗粒数,提高其结实率;低锌强烈抑制杜伦的小花分化,减少其穗粒数,高锌促进小花分化但是使结实率下降;缺锌阻碍籽粒灌浆,显著降低千粒重,高锌使小麦千粒重有小幅下降。锌对小麦籽粒总蛋白含量的影响不显著;小麦籽粒蛋白组分含量受锌离子浓度的影响显著,各蛋白组分与锌的相关性和相关度差异较大。
In order to clarify the accumulation of zinc in different organs during the flowering and maturing of wheat, the regulation of zinc on the agronomic characters and grain protein formation of wheat after flowering was discussed. The effects of different concentrations of zinc on the development of wheat were studied. Impact. The results showed that the trend of zinc content in different organs of wheat cultivated in vitro after flowering was basically the same. The relationship of zinc content in different organs was: spike> down one> down two. Zinc deficient wheat growth was inhibited, internode growth was severely hampered, the length of one section of the reaction of zinc sensitive than the next two sections. Chlorophyll content of flag leaf at flowering stage was not affected by zinc, and chlorophyll content at two weeks after flowering was greatly influenced by zinc ion concentration. Increasing the amount of Zn significantly or significantly increased the number of grains per spike and increasing the seed setting rate. Low zinc strongly inhibited floret differentiation and decreased the number of grains per spike. High zinc promoted floret differentiation but decreased the seed setting rate. Grain filling, significantly reduced 1000-grain weight, high zinc so that wheat grain weight decreased slightly. Zinc had no significant effect on the total protein content of wheat grain; the protein content of wheat grain was significantly affected by the zinc ion concentration, and the correlation and correlation between each protein component and zinc were quite different.