本文旨在探讨类固醇激素合成酶在多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)中的表达变化。将Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠随机分为正常对照组(NC组)和多囊卵巢综合征组(PCOS组),PCOS组大鼠注射脱氢表雄酮(dehydroepiandroste rone,DHEA)以建立PCOS模型,用放射免疫法测血清激素(孕酮和雌二醇)水平,酶联免疫法检测血清睾酮水平。取各组卵巢组织,用免疫组化法对3β-羟基固醇脱氢酶(3β-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase,3β-HSD)、17β-羟基固醇脱氢酶(17β-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase,17β-HSD)和细胞色素P450芳香化酶(cytochrome P450 aromatase,P450arom)进行细胞定位分析,RT-PCR和Western blot分别检测这三种酶的mRNA和蛋白表达变化。结果显示,与NC组相比,PCOS组血清雌二醇和睾酮水平显著升高,孕酮无显著变化。与NC组相比,PCOS组3β-HSD和17β-HSDmRNA和蛋白表达均显著升高,P450arom的mRNA和蛋白表达则明显降低。以上结果提示,3β-HSD和17β-HSD共同参与了PCOS大鼠模型卵巢的激素调节,P450arom并未直接参与雌二醇的调节。 This article aims to investigate the expression of steroid hormone synthetase in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into normal control group (NC group) and PCOS group (PCOS group). Rats in PCOS group were injected with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) to establish PCOS The levels of serum hormones (progesterone and estradiol) were measured by radioimmunoassay and serum testosterone levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Ovarian tissues of each group were collected and the expression of 3β-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), 17β-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD ) And cytochrome P450 aromatase (P450arom). The mRNA and protein expressions of these three enzymes were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. The results showed that compared with the NC group, PCOS group serum estradiol and testosterone levels were significantly increased, no significant changes in progesterone. Compared with the NC group, the mRNA and protein expressions of 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD in PCOS group were significantly increased, and the mRNA and protein expression of P450arom significantly decreased. These results suggest that 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD are involved in the regulation of ovarian hormones in PCOS rat models. P450arom is not involved in the regulation of estradiol.