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台湾番茄曲叶病毒(Tomato leafcurl Taiwan virus,ToLCTWV)近年来在我国部分番茄种植区流行成灾,对番茄生产造成了严重损失。作者研究了B型烟粉虱对ToLCTWV的获取、保持,并测定了虫口密度、温度及植株苗龄对其传播该病毒的影响。结果表明,B型烟粉虱在感染ToLCTWV的番茄植株上取食0.5h即可在3.3%个体内检测到ToLCTWV DNA,取食48h后,带毒率达100%;ToLCTWV DNA可在B型烟粉虱体内终生存留。B型烟粉虱是ToLCTWV的高效媒介,每株1头带毒烟粉虱取食48h,植株发病率达50%～60%;每株5头取食,发病率达到或接近100%。介体虫口密度及植株苗龄是决定苗期发病程度的重要因子,虫口密度增加,病情指数上升;苗龄增大,病情指数下降。温度对发病率有显著影响,但对病情指数影响不显著。此外,温度与苗龄的互作、虫口密度与苗龄的互作以及三因子之间的互作都对病情指数有显著影响。这些结果提示,培育无病壮苗是防治台湾番茄曲叶病毒病的关键。
In recent years, Tomato leaf curl Taiwan virus (ToLCTWV) has been endemic in some tomato growing areas in China, causing serious losses to tomato production. The authors studied the acquisition and maintenance of ToLCTWV from Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) biotype B and determined the effects of population density, temperature and plant seedling age on the spread of the virus. The results showed that ToLCTWV DNA was detected in 3.3% of the individuals of ToLCTWV infected tomato plants by B. tabaci B for 0.5h, and the infection rate was 100% after 48h of feeding. ToLCTWV DNA could be detected in type B tobacco Whitefly longevity in vivo. B. tabaci B is an effective medium for ToLCTWV. The incidence of one toxoid whitefly per plant was 48h and the incidence rate of plants was 50% -60%. Five plants per plant had the incidence of nearly 100%. Insect population density and plant seedling age were the important factors to determine the disease severity at seedling stage. The population density increased and the disease index increased. The seedling age increased and the disease index decreased. Temperature has a significant impact on the incidence, but the impact on the disease index was not significant. In addition, temperature and seedling age interaction, population density and seedling age interaction and the interaction between the three factors have a significant impact on the disease index. These results suggest that nurturing disease-free seedlings is the key to preventing and controlling Taiwan’s tomato curl virus disease.