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西方社会中个体的身份焦虑感伴随着资本主义制度的发生、发展而滋生和扩散。人们在解决了身体温饱需求后,开始争取社会地位,以求赢得他人的尊重。这种心理的“温饱度”能够帮助人们判断自己的能力和价值,获得自我存在的确定性。王尔德一生中令人费解的种种行为可作为社会身份焦虑感的极佳诠释。透过他我们可以看到,个体对身份的焦虑应被更高层次的价值追求所代替,才能实现真正有意义的人生。
The individual’s anxiety of identity in western society is accompanied by the occurrence and development of capitalism. After solving the problem of food and clothing, people began to strive for social status in order to win the respect of others. This kind of psychological “temperature ” can help people to judge their ability and value, to obtain the certainty of self-existence. Willy’s inexplicable variety of life can be used as an excellent interpretation of social anxiety. Through him we can see that the individual’s anxiety about his identity should be replaced by a higher level of pursuit of value in order to achieve a truly meaningful life.