肝硬化晚期可出现上消化道出血、肝性脑病、继发感染、肝肾综合征等各种并发症,其中上消化道出血最常见、病死率最高,表现为呕血、黑便或血便,常伴失血性周围循环衰竭。肝硬化上消化道出血多为食管胃静脉曲张破裂出血,部分可由消化性溃疡、门脉高压性胃病、反流性食管炎、食管癌、胃癌或胆道疾病引起。本健康提示主要针对肝硬化食管胃静脉曲张破裂出血患者。诊断提示1诊断1)有肝硬化门静脉高压;2)出现呕血、黑便或血便;3)出血程度较重者可出现头晕、乏力、心 Upper gastrointestinal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy, secondary infection, hepatorenal syndrome and other complications may occur in the advanced stage of cirrhosis. The upper gastrointestinal bleeding is the most common, with the highest case fatality rate, with vomiting, melena or bloody stool, often With hemorrhagic peripheral circulation failure. Cirrhosis of upper gastrointestinal bleeding mostly esophageal varices bleeding, in part by the peptic ulcer, portal hypertensive gastropathy, reflux esophagitis, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer or biliary tract disease. This health tip is mainly aimed at cirrhotic patients with esophagogastric variceal bleeding. Diagnostic tips 1 Diagnosis 1) cirrhosis portal hypertension; 2) vomiting, melena or bloody stools; 3) severe bleeding may appear dizziness, fatigue, heart