海安镇闸西村是海安县城近郊近年来逐步扩展的蔬菜基地之一。1987年以来,随着保护地面积逐年扩大和年年连作,由于施用化肥较多,有机肥较少等因素,致使菜地土壤暴露出一系列问题。土壤板结,保肥保水功能下降,土传病虫害发病加重以及不同程度的返碱等等,对蔬菜生产影响较大,造成蔬菜上市期推迟,产量下降,品质降低,病虫害发生较重,生产效益下降,这些问题逐步引起有关方面的重视。通过几年的试验研究,我们已探索出一条有效改良连作菜地土壤,减轻棚室连作障碍的新途径,经3年来的试验示范已取得显著效果,现将有关技术小结如下: 一、土壤改良方法 我们曾经采用土壤埋青、土喷硫酸铜1:100倍液等方法进行土壤改良,但均未取得明显效果。1994年闸西村五组村农技员田国华带领几个农户采用新的改良方法,即利用高温季节进行耕翻,施绿肥,再加水沤的方法取得了良好的效果。具体做法是在7月上、中旬高温季节,当夏熟茄果类蔬菜收获后耕翻土壤,深20cm,将黄瓜藤、番茄植株以及田间杂草等切成30-50cm 的枝段均匀地铺在耕翻地上,每亩铺约3000kg,然后在田块四周挖土成20-30cm高的土埂灌水蓄水、形成比土面高5cm左右的水层,最后将绿肥踩入土壤中进行沤熟。其间要注意加3-4次水,以保持水层。夏季高温季节20-30天即可沤熟腐 Haian Town, West Village is the MSC suburbs of Hai’an County in recent years to gradually expand the vegetable base. Since 1987, as the area of ​​protected areas has been expanding year by year and year after year, there have been a series of problems exposed to vegetable soils because of the large amount of fertilizers applied and fewer organic fertilizers. Soil compaction, fertilizer and water conservation function decline, soil-borne diseases and pests increased incidence and back to the different levels of alkali and so on, a greater impact on vegetable production, resulting in the late listing of vegetables, production decline, lower quality, pests and diseases occurred heavier, the decline in production efficiency These issues gradually aroused the attention of the parties concerned. After several years of experimental research, we have explored a new way to effectively improve the continuous cropping soil and reduce barriers to continuous cropping. After three years of pilot demonstration has achieved remarkable results, the technical summary is as follows: First, the soil improvement Methods We have used soil buried green, soil spray copper sulfate 1: 100 times, and other methods for soil improvement, but did not achieve significant results. In 1994, Zhaoxi Village five agricultural technicians Tian Guohua led several farmers to adopt a new method of improvement, that is, the use of high-temperature seasons to plowing, fertilizing green manure, with water 沤 method has achieved good results. Specific approach is in July, the mid-high season, when the summer ripe tomato and eggplant plowing the soil after harvesting, deep 20cm, the cucumber vine, tomato plants and field weeds cut into 30-50cm branches spread evenly Plowing the land, about 3000kg per mu shop, and then dig around in the field into a 20-30cm high soil 埂 irrigation water to form a layer of water about 5cm higher than the soil surface, and finally step into the soil green manure ripening . Pay attention to 3-4 times during the water to maintain the water layer. 20-30 days in summer season can be cooked cooked rot