目的研究ｐ２１和ｐ５３在食管癌中的表达状态并分析其与临床病理特点和预后的关系。方法利用免疫组织化学方法检测了８０例经外科手术切除得到的食管癌标本中ｐ２１和ｐ５３的表达状态。结果ｐ２１和ｐ５３的总阳性率分别是６２．５％和５７．５％。结论ｐ２１阳性与肿瘤外侵、淋巴和血管侵犯有关，但与预后不相关；ｐ５３表达与淋巴侵犯和预后有关。 Objective To study the expression status of p21 and p53 in esophageal cancer and analyze their relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis. Methods Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of p21 and p53 in 80 specimens of esophageal cancer after surgical resection. Results The total positive rates of p21 and p53 were 62.5% and 57.5%, respectively. Conclusions The positive expression of p21 is associated with tumor invasion, lymphatic and vascular invasion but not with prognosis. p53 expression is associated with lymphatic invasion and prognosis.