法兰西第二帝国时期,共和派对帝国理论家的全民投票理论展开了批判。这些批判围绕着四个方面的问题展开:全民投票结果的客观真实性、全民投票与民意表达的关系、全民投票与个人专制的关系、全民投票与代议制的关系。就总体而言,共和派的批判没有抓住全民投票理论的实质,尤其失之于对具体历史环境的分析,形成了单纯的从理论到理论的推演,从而使自身陷入矛盾之中,反映了共和派对现代民主理论的谨慎与保守态度。 During the Second Reich in France, Republicans criticized the referendum theory of the imperial theorists. These critiques revolve around four aspects: the objective truth of the outcome of the referendum, the relationship between the referendum and public opinion, the relationship between the referendum and the autocratic, the relationship between the referendum and the representative system. On the whole, republican critics have failed to seize the essence of the referendum theory, especially lost to the analysis of the specific historical environment, formed a simple deduction from theory to theory, so that itself into a contradiction, reflecting Republicans’ cautious and conservative attitude towards modern democratic theory.