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在自由空间激光通信中,精跟踪单元的探测器经常选用四象限探测器(QD),探测器的性能影响跟踪精度。为了研究四象限探测器在不同条件下的性能,提出变步长的方法,分析光斑大小对动态范围和探测灵敏度的影响情况,在满足仿真精度的前提下,缩短了仿真时间。在光斑能量服从高斯分布的情况下,分析背景光、光电响应度和死区对动态范围和探测灵敏度的影响,特别研究非均匀背景光的影响。结果表明,随着光斑半径的增加,光斑位置检测的动态范围在增大。位置探测灵敏度在降低。相同光斑半径条件下,对于服从艾里分布的光斑的位置探测灵敏度高于服从高斯分布的光斑,而动态范围小于后者,非均匀背景光对探测器性能的影响比均匀背景的影响大。
In free-space laser communications, the quad detector (QD) is often used as the detector of the fine tracking unit and the performance of the detector affects the tracking accuracy. In order to study the performance of four-quadrant detector under different conditions, a method of variable step size is proposed. The influence of spot size on dynamic range and detection sensitivity is analyzed. Under the premise of meeting the simulation accuracy, the simulation time is shortened. The influence of background light, photoelectric responsivity and dead zone on dynamic range and detection sensitivity is analyzed under the condition of Gaussian distribution of spot energy, especially the influence of non-uniform background light. The results show that with the increase of spot radius, the dynamic range of spot position detection increases. Position detection sensitivity is decreasing. Under the same spot radius, the detection sensitivity of the spot obeyed by Airy is higher than that of Gaussian distribution, but the dynamic range is smaller than the latter. The non-uniform background light has more influence on the detector performance than the uniform background.