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春小麦是新疆主要的粮食作物,土壤中肥料施入量、施入比例不宜不仅会造成资源的浪费,还影响小麦种子的活力,限制了产量的提高。为明确施氮、磷肥与春小麦种子活力之间的关系,以北疆主栽春小麦品种新春31号为材料,通过发芽试验,研究了氮、磷肥互作对春小麦种子活力的影响。结果表明,氮、磷肥互作对春小麦种子活力各项指标的影响显著(p<0.05);随着氮、磷肥的逐渐增加,其发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、幼苗苗长、根长和干重等指标均呈先增加后下降趋势;在磷肥150kg/hm2,氮肥300kg/hm2处理下种子活力达到最大值,施氮、磷量超出一定范围,其各项指标呈显著下降的趋势。因此在农业生产中,掌握适宜的氮、磷肥配比尤为关键。
Spring wheat is the main grain crop in Xinjiang. The amount of manure applied in the soil should not only cause the waste of resources, but also affect the vitality of wheat seeds and limit the increase of yield. In order to clarify the relationship between nitrogen fertilization and spring wheat seed vigor, the main spring wheat variety Xinchun No.31 in northern Xinjiang was used as material to study the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on the seed vigor of spring wheat. The results showed that the interaction of N and P fertilizer had significant effects on the indexes of spring wheat seed vigor (p <0.05). With the increase of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer, the germination rate, germination energy, germination index, vigor index, seedling growth, Length and dry weight all increased first and then decreased. Under the conditions of 150 kg / hm2 of phosphate fertilizer and 300 kg / hm2 of nitrogen fertilizer, the seed vigor reached the maximum, and the N and P contents exceeded a certain range, and the indexes of all showed a significant decreasing trend . Therefore, in agricultural production, to master the appropriate ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus is particularly crucial.