随着新经济地理学家克鲁格曼荣获2008年度诺贝尔经济学奖,空间经济研究再次成为人们关注的热点。然而,对经济进行空间研究有两种思路:一种是侧重于空间最优分布和一般均衡理论的新古典主义研究方法;另一种则是遵循马克思主义辩证分析的历史地理唯物主义方法。由于两种范式的差异,他们所提出的政策建议也是大异其趣。文章首先对涉及空间的文献作一简要的概述,然后详细阐述新经济地理学和马克思主义经济地理学的研究方法,并对这两种方法进行相关评论。 With the new economic geographer Krugman won the 2008 Nobel Prize in economics, space economics research has once again become the focus of attention. However, there are two ways of thinking about economics: one is the neoclassical research method that focuses on the optimal spatial distribution and the general equilibrium theory; the other is the historical geo-materialist method that follows the dialectical analysis of Marxism. Due to the differences between the two paradigms, the policy suggestions they make are also very different. The article first makes a brief overview of the literature concerning space, then elaborates on the research methods of the new economic geography and Marxist economic geography, and makes relevant comments on the two methods.