目的探讨经纤维支气管镜(纤支镜)行纵隔淋巴结及叶、段支气管腔外肺肿瘤针吸活检的诊断价值。方法103例在纤支镜检查过程中,对经CT检查的84例纵隔淋巴结肿大和19例叶、段支气管腔外新生物而管腔结构基本正常的患者行针吸术和刷检。结果针吸阳性诊断率为75.73%;刷检阳性诊断率为8.74%;针吸与刷检联合诊断阳性率为77.67%;24.27%的患者穿刺点有少许出血。结论经纤支镜针吸术是一种简便、安全、阳性诊断率高的检查技术。 Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of needle aspiration biopsy of mediastinal lymph nodes and lobes of bronchopulmonary tumors with bronchofibroscopy (bronchofibroscopy). Methods 103 patients underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopic examination of the CT examination of 84 cases of mediastinal lymph nodes and 19 cases of leaves, new extrabronchial endometrial structures and normal lumen of the patients underwent needle aspiration and brushing. Results The positive diagnostic rate of needle aspiration was 75.73%. The positive rate of brush test was 8.74%. The positive rate of needle aspiration and brush test was 77.67%. A little bleeding occurred in 24.27% of patients. Conclusion The fiberoptic needle aspiration is a simple, safe, positive diagnostic rate of the inspection technique.