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海洋中蕴藏丰富的生物资源,有着许多结构新颖、作用特殊的活性多糖。我国贝类资源丰富,品种繁多,扇贝、鲍鱼、贻贝、牡蛎、菲律宾蛤仔、青蛤等产量均居世界前列。这些海洋贝类富含活性多糖,具有抗衰老、抗肿瘤、抗病毒、提高免疫力、降低血糖、血脂、血压等多种生物学活性,因其很高的营养价值和保健功效,已成为目前全球研究和开发的热点。研究海洋贝类多糖的提取、分离和纯化技术,分析其结构、生物活性和构效关系,能够实现海洋贝类资源高值化利用,同时,积极推进海洋生物产业和健康产业的发展。本文对海洋贝类多糖的提取、纯化、结构与活性方面的研究现状进行了综述,并进行了展望,旨在为海洋贝类资源的高附加值开发提供理论支持。
The ocean is rich in biological resources, with many novel structures, the role of special active polysaccharides. China is rich in shellfish resources and has a great variety of products. The output of scallops, abalone, mussels, oysters, Philippine clams and clams ranks first in the world. These marine shellfish are rich in active polysaccharides and have many biological activities such as anti-aging, anti-tumor, anti-virus, immunity enhancement, blood sugar lowering, blood lipid and blood pressure. Due to their high nutritional value and health care efficacy, Global research and development hot spots. Research on the extraction, separation and purification of marine shellfish polysaccharides, analysis of its structure, biological activity and structure-activity relationship, can realize the high value utilization of marine shellfish resources, meanwhile, actively promote the development of marine biology industry and health industry. In this paper, the research status of extraction, purification, structure and activity of marine shellfish polysaccharides were reviewed and prospected in order to provide theoretical support for the development of high value-added marine shellfish resources.