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一、前言现代重工业中使用的大型钢锻件,特别是发电机转子、核电站压力容器以及轧辊等大型钢锻件,其使用技术条件越来越苛刻。然而近年来,随着制品的大型化,所用钢锭也在超大型化(达到400吨、500吨),这样大型的钢锭,很容易具有所请多孔性缺陷的内部空隙缺陷。为了满足苛刻的使用条件,需要在锻造过程中将钢锭的内部空隙缺陷加以消除。普通锻造,由于采用镦粗和拔长,有充分的锻造比,所以能得到优秀制品。可是,对于大型钢锭,由于压力机的能力有限,又
I. Introduction Large-scale steel forgings used in modern heavy industry, especially the large-scale steel forgings such as generator rotors, nuclear power station pressure vessels, and rolls have become increasingly harsh. However, in recent years, with the enlargement of the product, the ingot used is also oversized (up to 400 tons, 500 tons). Such a large steel ingot can easily have internal void defects of the porousness of the requested ingot. In order to meet the harsh conditions of use, the need for the ingot in the forging process to eliminate the internal gap defects. Ordinary forging, due to the use of upsetting and lengthy, with a full forging ratio, so get excellent products. However, for large ingots, due to the limited capacity of the press, again