目的:探讨孕酮(P_4)和表皮生长因子(epidermal growth factor,EGF)在原始卵泡生长启动中的作用。方法:取出生2d的SD大鼠卵巢,分别在含不同浓度P_4、EGF和P_4+EGF的Waymouth培养体系中培养,以单纯Waymouth培养体系培养的大鼠卵巢为对照,于培养8 d后石蜡包埋切片, HE染色,观察各级卵泡形态,并统计分析各级正常卵泡数。结果:P_4各浓度组的原始卵泡数明显多于对照组(P<0.01),50 ng/ml EGF组的初级卵泡和次级卵泡数明显多于对照组(P<0.01),但1 000 ng/ml EGF组的初级卵泡数和次级卵泡数均明显少于对照组(P<0.01);50 ng/ml EGF+10~(-5) mol/L P_4与相同剂量单独作用的P_4和EGF比较各级卵泡数有统计学差异(P<0.05),与对照组比较无明显差异(P<0.05)。结论:在Waymouth培养体系中孕酮对原始卵泡生长有抑制作用,一定浓度的EGF能促进原始卵泡生长,而同时加入P_4和EGF,两者的作用有部分抵消。 Objective: To investigate the effect of progesterone (P_4) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) on the initiation of primordial follicle growth. Methods: The ovaries of 2-day-old SD rats were removed and cultured in Waymouth culture system containing different concentrations of P 4, EGF and P 4 + EGF. The ovaries of Wistar rats cultured with Waymouth culture alone were used as controls. After cultured for 8 days, Buried sections, HE staining, observe the follicle morphology at all levels, and statistical analysis of the normal follicles at all levels. Results: The number of primary follicles in P_4 groups was significantly higher than that in control group (P <0.01). The number of primary follicles and secondary follicles in 50 ng / ml EGF group was significantly more than that in control group (P <0.01) The number of primary follicles and the number of secondary follicles in the EGF / EGF group were significantly less than those in the control group (P <0.01). The effect of 50 ng / ml EGF + 10 -5 mol / L P 4 on P 4 and EGF Comparing the number of follicles at all levels had statistical difference (P <0.05), compared with the control group no significant difference (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Progesterone inhibits the growth of primordial follicles in Waymouth culture system. A certain concentration of EGF can promote the growth of primordial follicles, while the addition of P 4 and EGF partially offset the effect.