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为建立一套高度多态且实用性强的Ｙ－ＳＴＲｓ标记系统，本文用ＰＣＲ结合银染显色技术研究了１１１例广州汉族男性ＤＹＳ１９、ＤＹＳ３８９Ⅰ／Ⅱ、ＤＹＳ３９０等位基因及单倍型分布状况。结果显示：广州地区汉族男性ＤＹＳ１９位点有Ａ１、Ａ２、Ａ３、Ａ４、Ａ５五种等位基因，出现频率分别为１８．９％、３６．０％、３６．０％、７．２％、１．８％；ＤＹＳ３８９Ⅰ位点有Ｂ１、Ｂ２、Ｂ３、Ｂ４四种等位基因，出现频率分别为６．３％、５２．２％、１７．１％、２４．３％；ＤＹＳ３８９Ⅱ位点有Ｃ１、Ｃ２、Ｃ３、Ｃ４、Ｃ５五种等位基因，出现频率分别为１１．７％、３８．７％、２２．５％、１７．１％、９．９％，ＤＹＳ３９０位点有Ｄ１、Ｄ２、Ｄ３、Ｄ４、Ｄ５五种等位基因，出现频率分别为２．７％、９．９％、４６．８％、２７．９％、１２．６％；χ２检验表明上述各等位基因分布存在明显的地域差异。此外，还观察到７２种由上述座位共同构成的单倍型，单倍型多样性达０．９８０，表明该系统具有较强的个体识别能力
In order to establish a highly polymorphic and practical Y-STRs labeling system, the distribution of DYS19, DYS389Ⅰ / Ⅱ and DYS390 alleles and haplotypes in 111 Han male patients in Guangzhou were studied by PCR combined with silver staining. . The results showed that there were five alleles A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5 in DYS19 locus of Han nationality in Guangzhou, with frequency of 18.9%, 36.0%, 36.0%, 7.2% 1.8%; DYS389 Ⅰ locus B1, B2, B3, B4 four alleles, the frequency of occurrence were 6.3%, 52.2%, 17.1%, 24.3%; DYS389 Ⅱ site The frequencies of C1, C2, C3, C4 and C5 were 11.7%, 38.7%, 22.5%, 17.1% and 9.9%, respectively. The frequencies of DYS390, The frequencies of D2, D3, D4 and D5 alleles were 2.7%, 9.9%, 46.8%, 27.9% and 12.6%, respectively. Chi-square test showed that the above alleles There are obvious geographical differences in distribution. In addition, we also observed 72 haplotypes composed of the aforementioned loci with a haplotype diversity of 0.980, indicating that the system has strong individual recognition ability