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本文对南京地区1980~1981年秋冬季腹泻小儿234例进行了临床分析。发病年龄多为6~24个月的小儿,腹泻流行的高峰是在11~12月份。呕吐是早期突出的症状。195例病人作了大便培养,仅34例阳性(17.4%)。14例大便标本经电镜检查其中12例发现轮状病毒颗粒。提示轮状病毒是婴幼儿秋冬季腹泻的主要病原。根据临床表现、流行病学资料和结合文献复习,我们对轮状病毒腹泻拟定了临床诊断标准,并对其诊断技术、治疗与预防进行了讨论。
In this paper, 234 patients with diarrhea in the autumn and winter in 1980 ~ 1981 in Nanjing area were analyzed. The age of onset is mostly 6 to 24 months in children, the peak of the prevalence of diarrhea in 11 ~ December. Vomiting is an early prominent symptom. Of the 195 patients who underwent stool culture, only 34 were positive (17.4%). Fourteen cases of stool specimens were examined by electron microscopy of which 12 cases were found rotavirus particles. Tip rotavirus is the main pathogen of infant diarrhea in autumn and winter. Based on clinical manifestations, epidemiological data and review of the literature, we developed a clinical diagnostic criteria for rotavirus diarrhea and discussed its diagnostic techniques, treatment and prophylaxis.