目的：评价三种不同尺寸的不规则45S5生物玻璃颗粒对骨缺损的修复效果。方法24只成年新西兰大白兔，根据植入材料的不同随机数表法分为4组，每组6只12侧。A 组植入90～300μm 的材料；B组植入300～500μm的材料；C组植入500～720μm的材料；D组为空白对照组。双侧股骨髁部制造直径0.6 cm，深1.2 cm的缺损。于术后第6周和12周取材，通过大体观察、X线片、组织病理学VG染色来评价不同尺寸不规则生物活性玻璃颗粒的骨缺损修复能力和降解性能。结果所有实验兔造模成功，24只均于手术2～4h内苏醒，活动良好；二便无异常；对外界刺激灵敏；伤口愈合情况好，均为I期愈合；无炎症反应；均未见软组织异常；膝关节腔内无明显积液，滑膜光滑平整，未发现漏出的材料颗粒；股骨髁周围未发现多余的骨破坏，未见异常炎性纤维包块。成骨能力：(1)术后6周，A、B、C组可见新骨生成且向材料内部生长，D 组基本没有新骨形成，可见肉芽组织形成；术后12周，A、B、C 组成骨量显著增多，大部分骨缺损愈合，可见成熟的骨小梁塑形。(2) Lane-Sandhu X射线评分：术后6周，A、B、C三组评分(4.827±0.277)分、(5.128±0.448)分、(7.104±0.477)分均高于D组(0.831±0.081)分( P＜0.05)，且C组评分高于A、B组( P＜0.0001)，而A组评分与B组相差不大( P＝0.193)；术后12周，A、B、C各组的评分(8.011±0.159)分、(8.023±0.197)分、(10.974±0.106)分均较术后6周明显增高( P＜0.0001)，A、B、C 三组评分仍高于 D 组(1.397±0.262)分( P＜0.05)，C 组高于 A、B 组( P＜0.0001)，A 组评分与 B 组仍相差不大( P＝0.805)。(3)组织学观察成骨能力结果：术后6周，新生骨量所占切片的百分比，A、B、C 三组(10.837±0.856)%、(10.762±1.008)%、(17.399±0.515)%均大于D组(1.048±0.127)%( P＜0.0001)，C组大于A、B组( P＜0.0001)，而A组和B组相差不大( P＝0.704)；术后12周，A、B、C各组新生骨量所占缺损面积百分比(20.681±0.513)%、(20.426±1.675)%、(32.961±1.583)%均明显大于术后6周( P＜0.001)， A、B、C组仍大于D组(2.108±0.131)%( P＜0.0001)，C组仍大于A组和B组( P＜0.0001)，A组和B组仍相差不大( P＝0.154)。降解性能：术后6周，残余材料量所占切片的百分比，C组(22.802±1.151)%小于A组(28.483±0.489)%和B组(29.045±0.818)%( P＜0.0001)，但A、B两组相差不大( P＝0.154)；术后12周，A、B、C 三组残余材料量所占切片的百分比均较术后6周显著减少( P＜0.001)，C 组(14.729±0.494)%远小于A组(21.104±0.924)%和B组(21.553±0.854)%( P＜0.0001)，A、B两组差异无统计学意义(P＝0.298)。结论尺寸为90～300μm组、300～500μm以及500～720μm的不规则生物玻璃颗粒均能在体内较好地降解，并且能够随着材料的降解实现骨组织的长入；特别是直径为500～720μm 的不规则生物玻璃颗粒其成骨能力和降解性能最强，能有效修复腔隙性骨缺损。“,”Objective To evaluate the effects of irregular 45S5 bioactive glass granules with 3 different sizes in repairing bone defects.Methods A total of 24 adult New Zealand white rabbits were randomly assigned into 4 even groups, with 12 hind legs in each group. In group A, 90-300 μm granules were implanted and 300-500 μm granuleswere implanted in group B, and while the rabbits in group C were implanted with 500-720 μm granules. Nothing was implanted in Group D, which was taken as the control group. The defects with the depth of 12 mm and the diameter of 6mm were made in bilateral femoral condyles of each rabbit. The sample was taken at 6 and 12 weeks after the operation. The osteogenic potential and biodegradation property of irregular bioactive glass granules with different sizes were evaluated through the general observation, X-ray and Van-Greson staining ( VG staining ).Results All the rabbits woke up at 2-4 h after the operation, and their activities were restored, with normal bowel and bladder function. They were sensitive to external stimulation. Primary wound healing was achieved in all the rabbits, without inflammatory responses or abnormal soft issues. No obvious effusion was noticed in the knee joint cavity, and the synovium was smooth and complete. There were no residual granules. No extra bone destruction was found around the femoral condyle, and there were no abnormal inlfammatory and ifbrous masses. At 6 weeks after the operation, new bone began to grow towards the internal materials in groups A, B and C, but there was no new bone formation in group D, except for some granulation tissues. At 12 weeks after the operation, a signiifcant increase in the bone mass was detected in group A, B and C, and most bone defects got repaired. The mature bone trabecula could be seen. At 6 weeks after the operation, the Lane-Sandhu X-ray scores were ( 4.827±0.277 ) points, ( 5.128±0.448 ) points and ( 7.104±0.477 ) points in groups A, B and C, which were higher than ( 0.831±0.081 ) points in group D (P<0.05 ). The score in group C was higher than that in groups A and B (P<0.0001 ). There were no statistically signiifcant differences in the Lane-Sandhu X-ray score between group A and group B (P=0.193 ). At 12 weeks after the operation, the Lane-Sandhu X-ray scores were ( 8.011±0.159 ) points, ( 8.023±0.197 ) points and ( 10.974±0.106 ) points in groups A, B and C, which were signiifcantly higher than that at 6 weeks after the operation (P<0.0001 ). The score in group D was ( 1.397±0.262 ) points, which was lower than that in groups A, B and C (P<0.05 ). The score in group C was higher than that in group A and B (P<0.0001 ). The scores in group A and group B were almost the same (P=0.805 ). At 6 weeks after the operation, the percentages of new bone formation in groups A, B and C were ( 10.837±0.856 ) %, ( 10.762±1.008 ) % and ( 17.399±0.515 ) %, which were greater than ( 1.048±0.127 ) % in group D (P<0.0001 ). The percentage in group C was greater than that in groups A and B (P<0.0001 ). The percentages in group A and group B were almost the same (P=0.704 ). At 12 weeks after the operation, the percentages of new bone formation were ( 20.681±0.513 ) %, ( 20.426±1.675 ) % and ( 32.961±1.583 ) % in groups A, B and C, which were signiifcantly greater than that at 6 weeks after the operation, and the differences were statistically signiifcant (P<0.001 ). The percentage in groups A, B and C were greater than ( 2.108±0.131 ) % in group D (P<0.0001 ). The percentage in group C was greater than that in groups A and B (P<0.0001 ). No statistically significant differences existed in the percentage between group A and group B (P=0.154 ). At 6 weeks after the operation, the percentages of remaining materials were ( 28.483±0.489 ) % and ( 29.045±0.818 ) % in groups A and B, which were greater than ( 22.802±1.151 ) % in group C (P<0.0001 ). No statistically signiifcant differences existed between group A and group B (P=0.154 ). At 12 weeks after the operation, the percentages of remaining materials were obviously reduced in groups A, B and C, when compared with that at 6 weeks after the operation. There were statistically signiifcant differences (P<0.001 ). The percentage was ( 14.729±0.494 ) % in group C, which was far less than ( 21.104±0.924 ) % and ( 21.553±0.854 ) % in groups A and B (P<0.0001 ). No statistically signiifcant differences existed in the percentage between group A and group B (P=0.298 ).Conclusions The biodegradation property is found in irregular bioactive glass granules with the sizes in 90-300 μm, 300-500 μm and 500-720 μm, which can grow into bone tissues during the biodegradation process. The bioactive glass granules with the size in 500-720 μm have better osteogenic potential and biodegradation property, which can be a good choose in repairing lacunar bone defects.