微型电子计算机是在大规模及超大规模集成电路发展的基础上产生的.现在的微型计算机在功能上已相当于五十年代的大型计算机、六十年代的中型计算机或七十年代的小型计算机.以前这些类型的计算机都由若干大型机柜组成,而现在的微型计算机已经将这些机柜的功能浓缩在一块印刷板上或者一个小型机箱中,价格只有原来的几十分之一或几百分之一.因此 Micro-computers are based on the development of large-scale and very large-scale integrated circuits, and now microcomputers are functionally equivalent to the 1950s, the midsize computers, or the seventies mini-computers. Previously these types of computers consisted of several large cabinets, and today’s microcomputers have concentrated the functions of these cabinets on a single printed board or in a small enclosure at a fraction of the price of a few tenths or a few hundredth .therefore