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目的探讨乙型肝炎ｅ抗原（ＨＢｅＡｇ）作为围术期乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）传播监控指标的可行性。方法使用套式ＰＣＲ（ｎＰＣＲ）极量稀释方法，以ＨＢＶ感染剂量（ＩＤ）为参比单位，ＨＢｅＡｇ与稀释血量为分类标准，评价ＨＢｅＡｇ对ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性血液传染性的影响。结果１５６例ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性者中，３１例（１９ ．９％）ＨＢｅＡｇ阳性，１１５例（７３．７％）ＨＢＶＤＮＡ阳性， ＨＢＶ传染性为 ０～１０９ ＩＤ／ｍｌ。与ＨＢｓＡｇ相比，ＨＢｅＡｇ对围术期 ＨＢＶ传播的预示作用更好。与 ＨＢｅＡｇ阴性血液相比，ＨＢｅＡｇ阳性血液的ＨＢＶ携带率更高，ＨＢＶ的传染性更强，传播所需的血量更少，对特异性预防的效果更差。结论在外科医生普遍进行ＨＢＶ特异性免疫的前提下，ＨＢｅＡｇ较ＨＢｓＡｇ更适合作为围术期ＨＢＶ传播的监控指标。
Objective To investigate the feasibility of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) as a surveillance indicator of perinatal hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission. Methods The nested PCR (nPCR) method was used to evaluate the effect of HBeAg on the HBsAg positive blood transfusion by using the HBV infection dose (ID) as the reference unit and the HBeAg and the diluted blood as the classification criteria. Results HBeAg was positive in 31 cases (19.9%) of 156 HBsAg positive cases, HBVDNA was positive in 115 cases (73.7%), and HBV infectivity was 0-109 ID / ml. Compared with HBsAg, HBeAg has a better predictor of perinatal HBV transmission. Compared with HBeAg-negative blood, HBeAg-positive blood has a higher HBV carrier rate, HBV is more contagious, less blood is needed for transmission and less effective for specific prophylaxis. Conclusion HBeAg is more suitable than HBsAg as a monitoring indicator of perinatal HBV transmission when surgeons generally carry out HBV-specific immunization.