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The effects and mechanism of long-term angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI)Forsinopril on left ventricular hypertrophy of spontaneous hypertension rat (SHR) and left ventricular pressure overloading rat were studied. The left ventricular index (left ventricle weight/body weight) was used to evaluate left ventricular hypertrophy and the in situ hybridization to investigate the TGF-β1 gene expression in left ventricle. The results showed that Forsinopril significantly decreased the left ventricular index of both SHR and left ventricle pressure overloading rat. Forsinopril reduced the integral photic density of TGF-β1 gene statement from 2. 836± 0. 314 to 1.91 ± 0. 217(P＜0.01, n＝8 ) of SHR rat and from 3. 071±0. 456 to 2. 37640. 379 (P＜0.01, n＝8) of left ventricular pressure overloading rat respectively. It was concluded that Forsinopril could prevent the occurrence of left ventricular hypertrophy and reduce the TGF-β1 gene expression in left ventricle of both SHR and left ventricular pressure overloading rat significantly.