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骨髓间充质干细胞(bone mesenchymal stemcell,BMSC)是一种多潜能的非造血干细胞,广泛分布于动物的骨髓、肝脏、脂肪等多种组织中。体外研究表明,BMSC有低免疫原性,是移植领域应用前景广阔的再生来源细胞;同时,BMSC具有独特的免疫负调节特性,能在不同层次作用于T淋巴细胞、B淋巴细胞、自然杀伤细胞和树突状细胞,通过直接接触、分泌细胞因子或调节这些细胞的代谢而发挥免疫调节作用,所以BMSC在细胞移植、器官移植等方面的应用研究己成为热点。BMSC有望应用于减少免疫排斥,延长移植物存活时间,治疗相关免疫失调症。本文主要对骨髓间充质干细胞免疫原性特点及其免疫调节能力做一综述。
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are pluripotent non-hematopoietic stem cells that are widely distributed in animal tissues such as bone marrow, liver and fat. In vitro studies have shown that BMSC has low immunogenicity and is a promising source of regenerative cells in transplantation field. In the meantime, BMSC possesses unique immunoregulatory properties and can act on T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, natural killer cells And dendritic cells play an immunomodulatory role by directly contacting and secreting cytokines or regulating the metabolism of these cells. Therefore, application of BMSC in cell transplantation and organ transplantation has become a hot spot. BMSC is expected to be used to reduce immune rejection, prolong graft survival and treat related immune disorders. This article mainly reviews the characteristics of immunogenicity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and its immunomodulatory capacity.