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一、法学世界里的“死亡通知书”“上帝死了”“哲学的终结”是西方哲学史上常见的命题。其实,在法律史上,类似的命题同样存在。早在19世纪,梅特兰(Frederic W.Maitland)在分析英国法律史的时候,称“我们埋葬了令状制度,但是它依然在坟墓中制约着我们”1。令状制度是英国普通法的起点,但现代普通法的发展却埋葬了令状制度。20世纪70年代,吉尔莫(Grant Gilmore)宣告“契约的死亡”2。
First, in the legal world, “death notice ” “God ” “the end of philosophy ” is a common proposition in the history of Western philosophy. In fact, in the history of law, similar propositions also exist. As early as the 19th century, when Frederic W. Maitland analyzed the history of British law, he said: “We buried the writ, but it still constrains us in the grave.” The writs system is the starting point of common law in England, but the development of modern common law has buried the system of writs. In the 1970s, Grant Gilmore proclaimed “death of contract ” 2.