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为了研究单桩在组合荷载作用下的承载特性,设计和加工了现场试验组合荷载加载装置,该装置可方便施加竖向荷载并保证桩顶水平位移不受限制。通过现场试验,研究组合荷载不同加载顺序下单桩的承载力、弯矩以及竖向荷载和水平荷载对单桩承载特性的相互影响。研究结果表明:预先施加水平荷载对单桩的竖向极限承载力影响较小,但相同竖向荷载下,单桩的沉降较大;水平荷载引起单桩上部侧阻力的减小,导致桩顶沉降增加;在水平荷载偏心距较小以及桩身自由段较小时,竖向荷载的预先施加减小了单桩的水平位移,提高了单桩的承载力;竖向荷载越大,桩身最大弯矩越小,竖向荷载有利于单桩水平承载性能的发挥。
In order to study the bearing characteristics of single pile under the combined load, a combination of field test load loading device was designed and machined, which can easily exert vertical load and ensure that the horizontal displacement of pile top is not limited. Through field tests, the bearing capacity and bending moment of single pile under different load sequences of composite load and the interaction between vertical load and horizontal load on the load-bearing characteristics of single pile are studied. The results show that the pre-applied horizontal load has little effect on the vertical ultimate bearing capacity of single pile, but under the same vertical load, the settlement of single pile is larger. The horizontal load causes the resistance of the upper part of the single pile to decrease, When the eccentricity of horizontal load is small and the free section of pile is small, the pre-application of vertical load reduces the horizontal displacement of single pile and increases the bearing capacity of single pile. The larger the vertical load is, the bigger the pile is The smaller the bending moment, the vertical load is conducive to the single pile horizontal bearing performance.