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目的了解独生子女大学生性别角色类型分布状况,为独生子女的性别教育提供科学依据。方法采用中国大学生性别角色量表(CSRI-50),对分层整群抽取的中国27所大学1 890名独生子女和3 097名非独生子女大学生进行调查。结果独生子女大学生未分化比例高于非独生子女,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。独生子女中,男大学生双性化比例高于女大学生;来自城市的大学生女性化比例高于来自农村的学生;担任过班干部的大学生未分化比例低,双性化比例高,差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论独生子女未分化比例高,性别角色发展存在较大偏差。民主型教养方式及社会实践有利于性别角色发展,而专制与溺爱的教养方式容易导致性别角色发展出现偏差。
Objective To understand the distribution of gender roles of only-child college students and to provide a scientific basis for the gender education of only-child children. Methods A total of 1 890 singletons and 3 097 non-singleton college students from 27 universities in China stratified by CSRI-50 were investigated. Results The prevalence of undifferentiated singleton college students was higher than that of non-only children, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Among single-child children, male college students had a higher proportion of female students than female students; female students from urban areas were higher than those from rural areas; and the proportion of undifferentiated college students who had worked as class cadres was high, the proportion of double sexuality was statistically significant Significance (P <0.05). Conclusion Only one child has a high percentage of undifferentiated children and there is a big deviation in the development of gender roles. Democratization and social practice are conducive to the development of gender roles, while autocratic and doting parenting can easily lead to deviations in the development of gender roles.