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目的分析宁夏回族自治区西吉县农业人群自我医疗的基本情况和影响因素。方法数据来源于宁夏西吉县“创新支付制度,提高卫生效益”试点项目2009,2011和2012年3年的调查资料,应用非条件二分类logistic回归进行自我医疗影响因素的筛选。结果调查地区居民的纯自我医疗比例为39.82%,复自我医疗比例为13.09%,总自我医疗比例为52.91%;自我医疗随时间不存在趋势性(P>0.05);自我医疗药物的主要来源为药店和医疗机构,分别占28.71%和14.99%;汉族纯自我医疗和自我医疗的比例为42.44%,57.20%,均高于回族的38.08%和50.08%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素分析结果显示,就诊次数是总样本纯自我医疗和复自我医疗的影响因素,就诊2次和≥3次的自我医疗发生比例是就诊1次的7.215倍(OR=7.215,95%CI=4.223~13.727)和72.169倍(OR=72.169,95%CI=43.598~129.567);就诊次数2次和≥3次的复自我医疗发生比例是就诊1次的2.486倍(OR=2.486,95%CI=1.704~3.489)和10.721倍(OR=10.721,95%CI=6.878~14.076)。结论宁夏农村地区自我医疗发生率较高,就诊次数是影响本地区自我医疗行为的主要影响因素。
Objective To analyze the basic situation and influential factors of self-care of agricultural population in Xiji County, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Methods Data were collected from the survey data of “Innovative Payment System, Improving Sanitation Benefit” pilot projects in 2009, 2011 and 2012 in Xiji County, Ningxia Province. Non-conditional dichotomous logistic regression was used to screen the influencing factors of self-care. Results The proportion of pure self-medication in residents in survey area was 39.82%, that of self-medication was 13.09%, and that of total self-medication was 52.91%. There was no trend of self-medication over time (P> 0.05). The main sources of self-medication were Pharmacies and medical institutions, accounting for 28.71% and 14.99% respectively. The proportions of pure self-care and self-medical care were 42.44% and 57.20% respectively in Han nationality, which were all higher than 38.08% and 50.08% of Hui people, with significant difference (P <0.05) . The multivariate analysis showed that the number of visits was the influential factor of the total self-medication and self-medical treatment. The self-medication rate of 2 times and 3 times was 7.215 times of that of the first visit (OR = 7.215, 95% CI = 4.223 ~ 13.727) and 72.169 times (OR = 72.169,95% CI = 43.598 ~ 129.567). The incidence of self-medical treatment of 2 times and 3 times of visits was 2.486 times of the first visit (OR = 2.486,95% CI = 1.704-3.489) and 10.721-fold (OR = 10.721, 95% CI = 6.878-14.076). Conclusion The incidence of self-care is higher in rural areas of Ningxia and the number of visits is the main influencing factor of self-care behavior in this area.