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产后肛门失禁是最严重的阴道分娩并发症之一,严重威胁女性身心健康。产后肛门失禁的发病机制以肛门括约肌损伤以及会阴神经损伤为主。高危因素主要包括器械助产和巨大胎儿。诊断方法包括有肛门视诊及直肠指检、腔内超声检查、直肠肛管测压和问卷调查。治疗方法有外科手术治疗和保守治疗。预防肛门括约肌裂伤是避免发生产后肛门失禁的关键。
Postpartum anal incontinence is one of the most serious complications of vaginal delivery, a serious threat to women’s physical and mental health. The pathogenesis of postpartum anal incontinence is mainly anal sphincter injury and perineal nerve injury. High risk factors include equipment and huge fetal fetus. Diagnostic methods include anus visual inspection and digital rectal examination, intracavitary ultrasound, rectal anal tube manometry and questionnaire. Treatment methods are surgical treatment and conservative treatment. Prevention of anal sphincter laceration is the key to avoiding postpartum anus incontinence.