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鸦片战后20年,改革呼声非常微弱,这与当时的文化状况密不可分。道光和咸丰两代从皇帝起都冀图以经世致用为施政的指导思想。其中包含的实事求是精神蕴含着引导中国学习西方走向现代化的契机。但传统文化中的消极因素——夷夏观念、宗法自然经济观念、固有的管理观念和运行机制,加上知识不足,又阻塞了前进道路。
In the 20 years after the Opium War, the call for reform was very weak, which was inextricably linked with the current state of culture. Daoguang and Xianfeng two generations from the emperor are trying to use the worldly as the guiding ideology of governance. The spirit of seeking truth from facts contained in it contains an opportunity to guide China to learn from the West toward modernization. However, the negative factors in traditional culture - the concept of Yi Xia, the concept of natural economy of patriarchal clan, the inherent management concept and operating mechanism, coupled with the lack of knowledge, have blocked the way forward.