通过８５例肛裂病人的性别、年龄、病程及肛门括约肌病理组织学研究，女性发病率高于男性（Ｐ＜０．０１），２０～４０岁为本病高发期，病程长短变异较大（总体变异系数ＶＣ＝１６２．７２％），肛门括约肌病变率与肛裂的发生率呈正相关（ｒ＝１），肛门括约肌纤维化程度与肛门狭窄程度亦呈正相关（ｒ＝１）。避免损伤肛门括约肌是预防肛裂及肛门狭窄的重要措施，改善括约肌弹性，手术松解病变的括约肌以扩大肛门出口功能是治疗肛裂及其并发症—肛门狭窄的有效术式 By 85 cases of anal fissure patients sex, age, duration and anal sphincter histopathological study, the incidence of female than male (P <0.01), 20 to 40-year-old high incidence of the disease, the duration of variation is large The overall coefficient of variation (VC) was 162.72%. The incidence of anal sphincter was positively correlated with the incidence of anal fissure (r = 1). The degree of anal sphincter fibrosis was also positively correlated with the degree of anal stenosis (r = 1). Avoid anal sphincter injury is an important measure to prevent anal fissure and anal stenosis, to improve sphincter flexibility, surgical release slender sphincter to expand anal function is the treatment of anal fissure and its complications - effective anal stenosis