为了认识长白山阔叶红松林下草本植物多样性格局的季节动态及其与环境因子相关性,从2009年5—9月份逐月调查了原始阔叶红松林样地及次生杨桦林样地内的100个1 m2的草本样方,比较分析了2种林分林下草本植物多样性格局及其与环境因子的相关性。结果表明:次生杨桦林中调查到蕨类植物9种,早春短命植物8种,早夏植物36种,晚夏植物31种;阔叶红松林中调查到蕨类植物5种,早春短命植物13种,早夏植物37种,晚夏植物21种。阔叶红松林及次生杨桦林下的草本植物存在明显的季节性差异,早春时期以黑水银莲花(Anemo-ne amurensis)和东北延胡索(Corydalis ambigua)为主;夏秋季节以山茄子(Brachybotrys paridiformis)和白花碎米荠(Cardamine leucantha)为主。次生杨桦林各月份之间,物种多度差异较大。同一林分不同月份之间的物种相似度在5月份最低,夏季最高;2个林分各个月份之间的相似度均较低。假设所有草本样方在样地中完全随机分布,稀疏曲线描述了样方数与物种数的关系。相比于幂函数模型和对数函数模型,逻辑斯蒂模型能较好地拟合阔叶红松及其次生杨桦林下的样方数与物种数的关系。光照环境是影响次生杨桦林草本多样性的主要因素;林隙分布和土壤酸碱度是影响阔叶红松林草本多样性的主要因素。因此,可以通过相关环境因子在一定程度上预测阔叶红松林及次生杨桦林下物种多样性的高低。 In order to know the seasonal dynamics of herbaceous diversity under broad-leaved Korean pine forest and its relationship with environmental factors in Changbai Mountain, from January to September in 2009, A 1 m2 herbaceous quadrat, the patterns of diversity of understory herbaceous plants and their correlation with environmental factors were comparatively analyzed. The results showed that there were 9 species of ferns, 8 early-spring ephemeral plants, 36 early-summer plants and 31 late-summer plants in secondary birch forests, 5 species of pteridophytes, 1 short-lived plants in early spring Species, early summer plants 37 species, late summer plants 21 species. The broad-leaved Korean pine forest and the secondary birch understory herbaceous plants there is a clear seasonal difference, early spring period with black anemone (Anemo-ne amurensis) and northeast Corydalis (Corydalis ambigua) mainly; summer and autumn season with mountain eggplant (Brachybotrys paridiformis) And white flower chestnut (Cardamine leucantha) mainly. Secondary birch forest between the months, the species abundance varies widely. The similarity of species in different months of the same forest was the lowest in May and the highest in summer. The similarity between the two stands was lower. Assuming that all herbivorous quadrats are completely randomly distributed in the sample plots, the sparse curves describe the relationship between quadrat numbers and species numbers. Compared with the power function model and the logarithmic function model, the Logistic model can well fit the relationship between the number of quadrats and the number of species under the broadleaved Korean pine and its secondary birch. The light environment is the main factor affecting the herb diversity of secondary poplar birch forests. The gap distribution and soil pH are the main factors affecting the herb diversity of the Korean pine forest. Therefore, we can predict the species diversity under broad-leaved Korean pine and secondary birch forests to a certain extent through the relevant environmental factors.