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将近一个世纪以来,汽油一直是一种最为方便、可靠的汽车燃料,即使在目前的高油价下,其使用成本仍然是可以承受的。相比之下,车用替代燃料带有先天的劣势,存在基础设施不足、技术不成熟以及成本相对较高等问题。要推动替代燃料成为真正有实质意义的汽车燃料,需要在经济上乃至政治上作出抉择。在油价高涨和环境排放标准日益严格的今天,促进新能源和替代能源的发展成为整个社会关注的焦点之一,车用燃料的替代被寄予很高的希冀。近年来,中国对发展车用替代燃料做出了巨大的努力,目前已在辽宁、吉林、黑龙江、河南、安徽全省,以及湖北、山东、河北、江苏四省的27个地市全面封闭使用乙醇汽油,每年替代汽油消费量超过100万吨。然而,推行车用替代燃料不会是一帆风顺的。美国加利福尼亚州推行汽车替代燃料已有超过25年的历史,这段历程或许能带给中国同行许多有益的启示或思考……
For nearly a century, gasoline has been one of the most convenient and reliable motor fuels, and its cost of use is still affordable even at the current high oil prices. In contrast, automotive alternative fuels have inherent disadvantages, problems with inadequate infrastructure, immature technology and relatively high costs. To promote alternative fuels as truly meaningful motor fuels requires economic and political choices. Today, with the soaring oil prices and the increasingly stringent environmental emission standards, promoting the development of new and alternative energy sources has become one of the focuses of the society as a whole. The replacement of motor fuel has been given high hopes. In recent years, China has made tremendous efforts to develop alternative fuels for vehicles. At present, it has been completely closed down in 27 cities and prefectures in Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Henan and Anhui provinces as well as Hubei, Shandong, Hebei and Jiangsu provinces Ethanol gasoline, replacing gasoline consumption of more than 1 million tons annually. However, implementing alternative fuels for vehicles will not be easy. It has been more than 25 years that California has been promoting alternative fuels for cars. This journey may bring many beneficial enlightenments or reflections to Chinese counterparts.