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目的探讨电焊工肺部检查异常率相关的影响因素,以便采取针对性干预措施。方法整群随机抽取辖区内4家909名电焊工人进行职业健康检查,同时检测4家企业电焊烟尘浓度,分析相关的影响因素。结果电焊工人肺部检查异常率为15.6%。肺部检查正常组和异常组的个人收入比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组在年龄、工龄、性别、吸烟及饮酒、文化程度之间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。肺部检查正常组和异常组的FVC、FEV1、FEV1/FVC、X射线检查异常情况的比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。电焊工工人主诉以肌肉骨骼系统感觉异常最为多见,其次为呼吸系统症状。神经症状和自主感觉症状的阳性率异常组高于正常组(P<0.05)。结论电焊工肺部检查异常者可能出现神经系统自觉症状和心理自觉症状。
Objective To investigate the influencing factors of the abnormal rate of lung inspectors in welders in order to take targeted interventions. Methods A total of 909 welders were randomly selected from the entire area for occupational health examination. At the same time, the concentration of welding fumes and dust in four enterprises was tested and the related influencing factors were analyzed. Results Welder lung examination abnormal rate was 15.6%. There were significant differences in personal income between normal group and abnormal group in lung examination (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in age, length of service, sex, smoking and drinking, education level P> 0.05). The differences of FVC, FEV1, FEV1 / FVC and X-ray abnormalities between the normal group and the abnormal group in lung examination were statistically significant (P <0.01). Welder workers complained of the most common musculoskeletal system abnormalities, followed by respiratory symptoms. The positive rates of neurological symptoms and autonomic symptoms were higher in the abnormal group than in the normal group (P <0.05). Conclusion Welder lung examination abnormalities may appear nervous system symptoms and psychological symptoms.