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1.引言存储器是计算机系统的重要组成部分。按照在存储体系中的位置不同,存储器可以简单地分为片上内存、主存和硬盘三种类型。与此相对应,静态存储器(SRAM)、动态存储器(DRAM)和磁盘各自成为实现这三种主要存储类型的传统技术。在过去的近40年里,这三种技术取得了巨大的技术和商业成就。除磁盘外,静态存储器和动态存储器的制造都依赖于半导体集成技术。尽管这两种技术的具体实现各有不同,
1. Introduction Memory is an important part of a computer system. According to the storage system in different locations, memory can be simply divided into on-chip memory, main memory and hard disk three types. Correspondingly, static memories (SRAMs), dynamic memories (DRAMs) and disks each become a conventional technique for implementing these three main types of storage. In the past 40 years, these three technologies have made tremendous technical and commercial achievements. In addition to magnetic disks, the manufacture of both static memory and dynamic memory relies on semiconductor integration technology. Although the specific implementation of these two technologies are different,